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Planned Parenthood Federation of Nigeria trained women as community resources to support reproductive health education and distribute safe birth kits to expectant mothers in northern Nigeria. Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab evaluated the effectiveness of the intervention. The MacArthur-supported projects aimed to encourage safe delivery practices and to help address a gap in research by connecting kit distribution with community resources. An analysis published in the journal PLOS One showed that only about 10 percent of eligible women received a birth kit; about 50 percent of those women used the kits; and those who used the kits had a slightly higher rate of complications than others. Researchers hypothesize that this outcome may be the result of kits being used as a replacement for formal health care, and they suggest further research is needed on the impact of birth kits, especially in communities that use formal health care at low rates.