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An issue brief from University of Virginia, School of Law examines the civil rights implications of pretrial risk assessment tools and their role in reducing incarceration. It gives an overview of concerns and common challenges and highlights strategies to address them. The brief as well as a previously-released pretrial risk assessment primer, both from grantee University of Virginia, School of Law, is part of the MacArthur-supported Pretrial Risk Management Project and efforts to invest in independent research and analysis on risk assessment instruments.