A book released by The MacArthur Research Network on Law and Neuroscience is designed to be the definitive reference for judges, lawyers, and students on the intersection of law and neuroscience. In an era when lawyers are increasingly offering and judges are confronting various forms of neuroscientific evidence, the book introduces the relevant science in the field, provides a user-friendly foundation for understanding how the human brain works, and examines pathways by which neuroscience may aid or hinder the legal system. The Research Network is examining multiple effects of modern neuroscience on criminal law.